Thyroid eye disease research
Thyroid eye disease swells the muscles and fat behind the eye, pushing the eye forward and pulling the lids out of position.
109
Papers
51
Since 2021
1
Reviews and meta-analyses
1980
First paper
Papers, newest first
2026
Surgical outcome of eyelid retraction correction using novel spacer filamentous knitted polyester fabric in thyroid eye disease
Mandal SK, Sarkar S, Bagchi S, Mandal D, Nag S · Indian J Ophthalmol · PMID 42671099
2026
Transcutaneous Levator Aponeurosis Recession Without Spacer Grafts for Upper Eyelid Retraction: A Five-Case Series
Sakamoto T, Yoshimura A, Kanemori Y · Cureus · PMID 42572712
2026
Balancing the Eyelids: How Müllerectomy for Upper Eyelid Retraction Affects Lower Eyelid Position in Thyroid Eye Disease
Mousavi A, Rajabi MT, Aghajani A, Zand A, Rafizadeh SM · Aesthetic Plast Surg · PMID 41942639
2026
Effectiveness of triamcinolone acetonide injection for upper eyelid retraction and excursion in active thyroid eye disease
Habaluyas CF, Abumanhal M, Ito M, Takahashi Y · Can J Ophthalmol · PMID 40987346
2026
Long-term Outcome After Correction of Lower Eyelid Retraction With Donor Sclera in Thyroid Eye Disease
Halsøy K, Hope AM, Foshaug C, Lysebo DE, Rødahl E, Ueland HO · Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open · PMID 41635720
2026
Exploring successful treatments for upper eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease: A scoping review
Salh D, Pickard MR, Al-Mehiawi A, Parker R, Hussain A · Surv Ophthalmol · PMID 41592668
2025
Observation of Unexplained Cases of Unilateral Upper Eyelid Retraction from Idiopathic Inflammation or an Atypical Form of Graves' Orbitopathy
Schuh A, Bayerl-Löhe K, Hintschich C · Klin Monbl Augenheilkd · PMID 38802076
2025
A critical appraisal of "efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin as a non-surgical option for upper eyelid retraction in active thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy"
Shabbir A, Sajjad T, Shams F · Int Ophthalmol · PMID 40853600
2025
Efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin as a non-surgical option for upper eyelid retraction in active thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: a prospective interventional study
Kumar SV, Kumar V, Mishra SK, Sati A, Kumar NV · Int Ophthalmol · PMID 40663254
2025
Lateral Retrocanthal Orbital Decompression for Children With Thyroid Eye Disease: A Canthus-sparing Approach
Zhao AT, Luna GML, Katowitz WR · Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open · PMID 40078618
2025
Response to Comment on: "Alpha-1 antagonist treatment for eyelid retraction in patients with thyroid eye disease - a prospective pilot study"
Arnon R, Sagiv O · Eye (Lond) · PMID 39702787
2025
Comment on: "Alpha-1 antagonist treatment for eyelid retraction in patients with thyroid eye disease-a prospective pilot study"
Marston D, Paris AN, Galdes N, Xuereb S · Eye (Lond) · PMID 39681712
2025
Eyeball descending identification using MRI-based spatial coordinates in thyroid-associated orbitopathy patients with unilateral upper eyelid retraction
Gou X, Wang Y, Li T, Zhou L, Lian J, Zhang X, et al. · Quant Imaging Med Surg · PMID 39995720
2025
Triamcinolone acetonide and botulinum toxin A for upper eyelid retraction in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
Huang Z, Xu M, Zhang W, Song X · Sci Rep · Randomized Controlled Trial · PMID 39934153
2025
Alpha-1 antagonist treatment for eyelid retraction in patients with thyroid eye disease-a prospective pilot study
Arnon R, Goldberg H, Ben-Simon GJ, Priel A, Zloto O, Landau-Prat D, et al. · Eye (Lond) · PMID 39428445
2025
Large Inferior Rectus Recession without Lower Eyelid Retraction in Thyroid Eye Disease
Gokyigit B, Inal A, Gurez C · Beyoglu Eye J · PMID 41658259
2025
Percutaneous para-levator palpebrae superioris and subconjunctival injection of triamcinolone acetonide for upper eyelid retraction in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
Wang M, Luan Y, Qian Z, Wang Y, Fang W · Front Med (Lausanne) · PMID 41001361
2025
Deep learning system for the auxiliary diagnosis of thyroid eye disease: evaluation of ocular inflammation, eyelid retraction, and eye movement disorder
Han Y, Xie J, Li X, Xu X, Sun B, Liu H, et al. · Front Cell Dev Biol · PMID 40589523
2025
Re: "Blepharotomy Versus Levator Recession With Adjustable Sutures for Correction of Upper Eyelid Retraction in Thyroid Eye Disease"
Ravikumar H, Yadalla D, Rajagopalan J · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 40503969
2025
Reply Re: "Blepharotomy Versus Levator Recession With Adjustable Sutures for Correction of Upper Eyelid Retraction in Thyroid Eye Disease"
Ueland HO, Halsøy K, Rødahl E · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 40503966
2025
Asymmetry Upper Eyelid Retraction of Thyroid Eye Disease: Change of Lateral Flare Sign With the Natural Course of Untreated Disease
Hui S, Zhang J, Hou Z, Li DM · Scientifica (Cairo) · PMID 40453462
2025
[Lower eyelid retraction after inferior rectus recession in thyroid eye disease]
Grusha YO, S Sergeeva M, Danilov SS · Vestn Oftalmol · PMID 40353547
2025
Re: "Peri-Levator Betamethasone Versus Triamcinolone Injection in Management of Thyroid Eye Disease-Related Upper Eyelid Retraction Without Proptosis"
Kamal Batcha AJ, Nivean PD, Madhivanan N · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 40036815
2025
Reply Re: "Peri-Levator Betamethasone Versus Triamcinolone Injection in Management of Thyroid Eye Disease-Related Upper Eyelid Retraction Without Proptosis"
Awad RA, Awad AA, Mohammad AEA · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 40036816
2025
Local Betamethasone Versus Triamcinolone Injection in Management of Thyroid Eye Disease-Related Upper Eyelid Retraction With Proptosis
Awad RA, Abo-Ghadir AA, Hussien MS, Awad AA, Kedwany SM, Mohammad AEA · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · Randomized Controlled Trial · PMID 39588844
2025
Effects of Teprotumumab on Eyelid Retraction in Thyroid Eye Disease
Al-Sharif EM, Zhou J, Shoji MK, Acuff K, Liu CY, Korn BS, et al. · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 38722772
2024
Influence of orbital decompression on upper eyelid retraction in Graves' orbitopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Al-Qadi M, Hussain A · Orbit · Systematic Review · PMID 37611061
2024
Synergistic Therapy for Graves' Ophthalmopathy-Associated Eyelid Retraction: Steroid, 5-FU, and Botulinum Neurotoxin a Combination
Kim Y, Lew H · J Clin Med · PMID 38792551
2024
Risk Factors for Ocular Surface Irritation Symptoms in Inactive Mild and Moderate-to-Severe Graves' Orbitopathy
Yu Y, Hu YX, Lu MX, Ouyang ZL, Xu MT, Zhao LY, et al. · Ophthalmol Ther · PMID 38376797
2024
Subcutaneous Injections of Triamcinolone Acetonide for Upper Eyelid Retraction and Swelling Associated with Thyroid Eye Disease: A Retrospective Case Series Study
Kozaki A, Inoue R, Yaji N, Nishiyama K, Inoue T · Clin Ophthalmol · PMID 39070106
2024
Peri-levator Betamethasone Versus Triamcinolone Injection in Management of Thyroid Eye Disease-related Upper Eyelid Retraction Without Proptosis
Awad RA, Abo-Ghadir AA, Hussien MS, Awad AA, Kedwany SM, Mohammad AEA · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · Randomized Controlled Trial · PMID 39012874
2024
Percutaneous triamcinolone injection for upper eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease
Parsons SR, Wilson-Pogmore A, Sullivan TJ · Front Ophthalmol (Lausanne) · PMID 38984143
2024
Blink Lagophthalmos in Graves Orbitopathy
Guimarães JA, Garcia DM, Cruz AAVE · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 38738711
2024
Blepharotomy Versus Levator Recession With Adjustable Sutures for Correction of Upper Eyelid Retraction in Thyroid Eye Disease
Ueland HO, Halsøy K, Rødahl E · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · Randomized Controlled Trial · PMID 38346435
2024
Nonsurgical management of upper eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease
Young SM, Kim YD, Woo KI · Taiwan J Ophthalmol · PMID 39803393
2023
Hyaluronic acid gel injection for dysthyroid upper eyelid retraction in Asian patients
Young SM, Kim JH, Kim YD, Karnsiritanont V, Lang SS, Woo KI · Orbit · PMID 36082627
2023
Nonsurgical treatment for upper eyelid retraction in patients with inactive Graves' orbitopathy
Vokurka Topljak S, Galiot Delić M, Mandić K, Perić S, Baretić M, Juri Mandić J · Int Ophthalmol · Randomized Controlled Trial · PMID 36587368
2023
Müllerotomy with anterior graded Müller muscle disinsertion for Graves upper eyelid retraction: validation of surgical outcomes using Bézier curves
Sales-Sanz M, Huelin FJ, Ye-Zhu C, Cruz AAV, Muñoz-Negrete FJ, Rebolleda G · Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol · PMID 36208307
2023
Correlation of Levator-Muller's Complex Thickness on Ultrasound Biomicroscopy to Botulinum Toxin A Injection in Thyroid-Related Upper Eyelid Retraction
Kandasamy S, Agrawal S, Pushker N, Meel R, Bajaj MS, Thirumurthy V, et al. · J Ultrasound Med · PMID 35546328
2023
Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection for Correction of Upper Eyelid Retraction in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy
Yang J, Hu X, Li Q, Huang RL · J Craniofac Surg · PMID 37221639
2022
Invited Discussion On: "Upper Eyelid Retraction in Graves' Ophthalmopathy: Our Surgical Experience on 153 Cases of Full-Thickness Anterior Blepharotomy with Mullerectomy"
Perry JD, Hwang CJ · Aesthetic Plast Surg · PMID 35437666
2022
Upper Eyelid Retraction in Graves' Ophthalmopathy: Our Surgical Experience on 153 Cases of Full-Thickness Anterior Blepharotomy with Mullerectomy
Guastella C, di Furia D, Torretta S, Ibba TM, Pignataro L, Accorona R · Aesthetic Plast Surg · PMID 35129648
2022
Correction of lower eyelid retraction combined with entropion in thyroid eye disease patients of East Asian ancestry
Ma Y, Tang M, Kikkawa DO, Lu W · Eur J Ophthalmol · PMID 34334010
2022
Lower eyelid entropion in thyroid eye disease
Vasanthapuram VH, Naik MN · Orbit · PMID 33775197
2022
Triamcinolone acetonide injection in the treatment of upper eyelid retraction in Graves' ophthalmopathy evaluated by 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging
Duan M, Xu DD, Zhou HL, Fang HY, Meng W, Wang YN, et al. · Indian J Ophthalmol · PMID 35502063
2022
Management of eyelid retraction related to thyroid eye disease
Osaki TH, Monteiro LG, Osaki MH · Taiwan J Ophthalmol · PMID 35399960
2021
An algorithm for Botulinum toxin A injection for upper eyelid retraction associated with thyroid eye disease: long-term results
Ozturk Karabulut G, Fazil K, Saracoglu Yilmaz B, Ozturker C, Günaydın ZK, Taskapili M, et al. · Orbit · PMID 32885692
2021
An algorithm for Botulinum toxin A injection for upper eyelid retraction associated with thyroid eye disease: Long-term results
Ozturk Karabulut G, Fazil K, Saracoglu Yilmaz B, Ozturker C, Günaydın ZK, Taskapili M, et al. · Orbit · PMID 33541177
2021
Results of surgical correction of upper eyelid retraction in Graves' Orbitopathy
Pinas D, O B De Keizer R, Wubbels RJ, van den Bosch WA, Paridaens D · Acta Ophthalmol · PMID 32930505
2021
Treatment Options for Lower Eyelid Retraction in Thyroid Eye Disease
Cypen SG, Conger JR, Chen LE, Tao JP · Int Ophthalmol Clin · PMID 33743535
2021
Observations on the Efficacy of Two Methods for the Treatment of Upper Eyelid Retraction in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy
Li D, Sun F · Biomed Res Int · Randomized Controlled Trial · PMID 33791385
2020
[Triamcinolone acetonide deep fornix injection for the treatment of upper eyelid retraction in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy]
Luo LH, Gao LX, Wang W, Miao H, Ma XM, Li DM · Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi · PMID 32842335
2020
Contralateral Mueller's muscle-conjunctiva resection: a therapeutic option in thyroid eye disease patients with unilateral eyelid retraction
Saonanon P, Potita P · Orbit · PMID 31162982
2020
Course of upper eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease
Lee DC, Young SM, Kim YD, Woo KI · Br J Ophthalmol · PMID 31079052
2020
Shallow periorbital injection of triamcinolone acetonide in treatment of lower eyelid entropion related to thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: Three case reports
Mo F, Xu D, Xu H, Li G, Gao Y, Li H · Medicine (Baltimore) · PMID 32000449
2019
[Acellular xenogenic dermal matrix as a spacer graft for treatment of eyelid retraction related to thyroid associated ophthalmopathy]
Zhuang A, Sun J, Zhang S, Zhou HF · Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi · PMID 31715678
2019
Simultaneous ipsilateral transconjunctival repair of upper and lower eyelid retraction in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
Lee NG, Habib L, Hall J, Freitag SK · Orbit · PMID 29742012
2018
Relationships between eyelid position and levator-superior rectus complex and inferior rectus muscle in patients with Graves' orbitopathy with unilateral upper eyelid retraction
Byun JS, Lee JK · Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol · PMID 29959506
2018
Management of graves myopathy: Thyroid-associated orbitopathy: when should we operate?
Seiff SR, Wagner LH · J AAPOS · PMID 29330045
2018
Combined orbital decompression and lower eyelid retraction surgery
Taban MR · J Curr Ophthalmol · PMID 29988821
2018
Dermis-Fat Graft for Correction of Recurrent Severe Upper Eyelid Retraction in Graves' Orbitopathy
Kuzmanović Elabjer B, Miletić D, Bušić M, Bišćan Tvrdi A, Bosnar D, Bjeloš M · Acta Clin Croat · PMID 30256028
2018
Commentary for the Article: "A Comparative Study of Full-Thickness Blepharotomy Versus Transconjunctival Eyelid Lengthening in the Correction of Upper Eyelid Retraction in Graves' Orbitopathy"
Takayanagi S · Aesthetic Plast Surg · PMID 29234854
2018
A Comparative Study of Full-Thickness Blepharotomy Versus Transconjunctival Eyelid Lengthening in the Correction of Upper Eyelid Retraction in Graves' Orbitopathy
Gonçalves ACP, Nogueira T, Gonçalves ACA, Silva LD, Matayoshi S, Monteiro MLR · Aesthetic Plast Surg · Randomized Controlled Trial · PMID 29026936
2018
Clinical efficacy of transcutaneous triamcinolone acetonide injection for upper eyelid retraction and swelling in patients with thyroid eye disease
Kozaki A, Nakamura H, Inoue T · Int Med Case Rep J · PMID 30519121
2017
Non-surgical treatment for eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease (TED)
Grisolia ABD, Couso RC, Matayoshi S, Douglas RS, Briceño CA · Br J Ophthalmol · PMID 28794075
2017
Peri-levator palpebrae superioris triamcinolone injection for the treatment of thyroid eye disease-associated upper eyelid retraction
Joos ZP, Sullivan TJ · Clin Exp Ophthalmol · PMID 28248444
2017
[Management of upper eyelid retraction associated with dysthyroid orbitopathy during the acute inflammatory phase with botulinum toxin type A]
Nava Castañeda A, Tovilla Canales JL, Garnica Hayashi L, Velasco Y Levy A · J Fr Ophtalmol · PMID 28336282
2017
A Promising Modified Procedure for Upper Eyelid Retraction-Associated Graves' Ophthalmopathy: Transconjunctival Lateral Levator Aponeurectomy
Khatavi F, Nasrollahi K, Zandi A, Panahi M, Mortazavi M, Pourazizi M, et al. · Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol · PMID 29367934
2017
Customized Minimally Invasive Orbital Decompression Surgery Improves Lower Eyelid Retraction and Contour in Thyroid Eye Disease
Pieroni Goncalves AC, Gupta S, Monteiro MLR, Douglas RS · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 27997462
2017
Levator Muscle Enlargement in Thyroid Eye Disease-Related Upper Eyelid Retraction
Davies MJ, Dolman PJ · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 26808176
2016
The success rate of TED upper eyelid retraction reoperations
Golan S, Rootman DB, Goldberg RA · Orbit · PMID 27560939
2016
Modified Full Thickness Graded Blepharotomy for Upper Eyelid Retraction Associated With Thyroid Eye Disease in East Asians
Lee J, Lee H, Park M, Baek S · Ann Plast Surg · PMID 26545229
2016
Analysis of Lid Contour in Thyroid Eye Disease With Upper and Lower Eyelid Retraction Using Multiple Radial Midpupil Lid Distances
Kang D, Lee J, Park J, Lee H, Park M, Baek S · J Craniofac Surg · PMID 26674885
2016
Nylon Hang Back Sutures in the Repair of Secondary Ptosis Following Overcorrected Dysthyroid Upper Eyelid Retraction
Shah-Desai S, Azarbod P, Szamocki S, Rose GE · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 26505232
2014
Levator recession with adjustable sutures for correction of upper eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease
Ueland HO, Uchermann A, Rødahl E · Acta Ophthalmol · PMID 24697978
2014
Hyaluronic acid gel injection for upper eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease: functional and dynamic high-resolution ultrasound evaluation
Kohn JC, Rootman DB, Liu W, Goh AS, Hwang CJ, Goldberg RA · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 24833450
2013
Graves' orbitopathy: imperfect treatments for a rare disease
Bartalena L · Eur Thyroid J · PMID 24783057
2013
Turn-over orbital septal flap and levator recession for upper-eyelid retraction secondary to thyroid eye disease
Watanabe A, Shams PN, Katori N, Kinoshita S, Selva D · Eye (Lond) · PMID 23907627
2013
Treatment of upper eyelid retraction related to thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy using subconjunctival triamcinolone injections
Lee SJ, Rim TH, Jang SY, Kim CY, Shin DY, Lee EJ, et al. · Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol · Randomized Controlled Trial · PMID 22968823
2011
A review of surgical techniques to correct upper eyelid retraction associated with thyroid eye disease
Kazim M, Gold KG · Curr Opin Ophthalmol · PMID 21730842
2010
Transcutaneous dysport injection for treatment of upper eyelid retraction associated with thyroid eye disease
Salour H, Bagheri B, Aletaha M, Babsharif B, Kleshadi M, Abrishami M, et al. · Orbit · PMID 20394553
2010
Lower eyelid epiblepharon associated with lower eyelid retraction
Sung MS, Lee MJ, Choung HK, Kim NJ, Khwarg SI · Korean J Ophthalmol · PMID 20157407
2010
Levator excursion as a predictor of both eyelid lag and lagophthalmos in thyroid eye disease
Lelli GJ, Duong JK, Kazim M · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 20090475
2009
Comparative study of Botox injection treatment for upper eyelid retraction with 6-month follow-up in patients with thyroid eye disease in the congestive or fibrotic stage
Costa PG, Saraiva FP, Pereira IC, Monteiro ML, Matayoshi S · Eye (Lond) · PMID 18535592
2009
Limbal relaxing incisions and Graves ophthalmopathy with lower eyelid retraction
Yu EN, Uy HS · J Cataract Refract Surg · PMID 19101442
2008
Eyelid retraction, lid lag, lagophthalmos, and von Graefe's sign quantifying the eyelid features of Graves' ophthalmopathy
Gaddipati RV, Meyer DR · Ophthalmology · PMID 17900690
2008
[Morphometric analysis of eyelid fissure in patients with eyelid retraction in acute stage of dysthyroid orbitopathy after treatment with botulinum toxin type A]
Costa PG, Saraiva FP, Pereira IC, Matayoshi S · Arq Bras Oftalmol · PMID 18797654
2007
[Botulinum toxin treatment for crocodile tears, spastic entropion and for dysthyroid upper eyelid retraction]
Wabbels B, Förl M · Ophthalmologe · PMID 17823804
2007
Graded full-thickness anterior blepharotomy for correction of upper eyelid retraction not associated with thyroid eye disease
Demirci H, Hassan AS, Reck SD, Frueh BR, Elner VM · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 17237689
2006
[Two surgical methods to modify upper eyelid retraction with thyroid associated-ophthalmopathy]
Dai XQ, Ye MX · Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi · Randomized Controlled Trial · PMID 17144453
2005
Re: "Botulinum toxin type A for dysthyroid upper eyelid retraction"
Fay A · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 15677964
2004
[Clinical signs of dysthyroid orbitopathy]
Camezind P, Robert PY, Adenis JP · J Fr Ophtalmol · PMID 15499282
2004
[Complications of dysthyroid ophthalmopathy]
Robert PY, Camezind P, Adenis JP · J Fr Ophtalmol · PMID 15499284
2004
Botulinum toxin type a for dysthyroid upper eyelid retraction
Morgenstern KE, Evanchan J, Foster JA, Cahill KV, Burns JA, Holck DE, et al. · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 15167723
2003
Quantitative comparison between upper eyelid retraction induced voluntarily and by Graves orbitopathy
Cruz AA, Akaishi PM, Coelho RP · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 12918557
2002
Treatment of upper eyelid retraction associated with thyroid eye disease with subconjunctival botulinum toxin injection
Uddin JM, Davies PD · Ophthalmology · PMID 12045064
2001
Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy: botulinum toxin A in the treatment of upper eyelid retraction--a pilot study
Träisk F, Tallstedt L · Acta Ophthalmol Scand · PMID 11782224
1998
Correction of lower eyelid retraction in thyroid eye disease: a randomised controlled trial of retractor tenotomy with adjuvant antimetabolite versus scleral graft
Olver JM, Rose GE, Khaw PT, Collin JR · Br J Ophthalmol · Randomized Controlled Trial · PMID 9613385
1991
Lid lengthening by sclera interposition for eyelid retraction in Graves' ophthalmopathy
Mourits MP, Koornneef L · Br J Ophthalmol · PMID 2043577
1991
Surgical treatment of eyelid retraction associated with thyroid eye disease
Older JJ · Ophthalmic Surg · PMID 1896167
1990
Graves' ophthalmopathy: V. Aetiology of upper eyelid retraction in Graves' ophthalmopathy
Feldon SE, Levin L · Br J Ophthalmol · PMID 2390525
1990
Hypoglobus following orbital decompression for dysthyroid ophthalmopathy
Long JA, Baylis HI · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 2268611
1989
The surgical management of dysthyroid related eyelid retraction using Mersilene mesh
Downes RN, Jordan K · Eye (Lond) · PMID 2691280
1988
Medial entropion following orbital decompression for dysthyroid ophthalmopathy
Goldberg RA, Christenbury JD, Shorr N · Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg · PMID 3154726
1988
Upper eyelid retraction in Graves' ophthalmopathy: a new surgical technique and a study of the abnormal levator muscle
Small RG · Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc · PMID 2979032
1987
Upper eyelid retraction from inferior rectus restriction in dysthyroid orbit disease
Wesley RE, Bond JB · Ann Ophthalmol · PMID 3827067
1984
Unilateral eyelid retraction secondary to contralateral ptosis in dysthyroid ophthalmopathy
Lohman L, Burns JA, Penland WR, Cahill KV · J Clin Neuroophthalmol · PMID 6238052
1981
The use of sclera in the treatment of dysthyroid eyelid retraction
Doxanas MT, Dryden RM · Ophthalmology · PMID 7301305
1980
Surgical treatment of dysthyroid eyelid retraction and orbital fat hernia
Putterman AM · Otolaryngol Clin North Am · PMID 7367007