Eyelid surgery research in PubMed
Every PubMed paper on blepharoplasty, droopy eyelids and ptosis, lower eyelid surgery, double eyelid surgery, brow lift and canthoplasty, sorted by section, topic and year. The list is read from PubMed every month; new papers appear at the top.
PubMed read 2026-09-30. One PubMed query per section, on terms in the title or abstract: blepharoplasty, eyelid surgery and dermatochalasis; blepharoptosis, levator advancement and frontalis sling; tear trough, festoons, transconjunctival and lower eyelid fat; double eyelid and epicanthoplasty; brow lift and forehead lift; ectropion, entropion, eyelid retraction and lagophthalmos. Records that are not human eyelid research, such as animal studies, breast ptosis and non-surgical diagnoses that only mention ptosis as a symptom, are excluded. The Top 500 research score counts the blepharoplasty, ptosis, lower eyelid, double eyelid and lid position queries; brow lift papers do not count toward it.
By section
Each section has its own PubMed query, procedure pages and topics.
Upper eyelid
Upper blepharoplasty · Laser and resurfacing · Orbital fat · Fillers
Lower eyelid and eye bags
Lower blepharoplasty · Transconjunctival blepharoplasty · Tear trough · Fat repositioning
Droopy eyelids and ptosis
Ptosis repair · Congenital ptosis · Muller muscle resection · Frontalis sling
Double eyelid
Double eyelid surgery · Epicanthoplasty
Brow lift
Brow lift · Browpexy
Eye shape and lid position
Ectropion · Entropion · Lid retraction · Lagophthalmos
By topic
Each paper is tagged from its title, keywords and abstract. A paper can sit under several topics.
Upper blepharoplasty
Upper blepharoplasty removes excess upper eyelid skin, and sometimes muscle and fat, through a crease incision.
Ptosis repair
Ptosis repair raises a drooping upper eyelid by shortening or reattaching the levator muscle that lifts it.
Lower blepharoplasty
Lower blepharoplasty treats lower eyelid bags by removing or moving fat through the skin or inside the lid.
Ectropion
Ectropion is a lower lid that turns outward, away from the eye, repaired by tightening the lid horizontally.
Transconjunctival blepharoplasty
Transconjunctival blepharoplasty reaches the lower eyelid fat through an incision inside the lid, with no outer scar.
Entropion
Entropion is a lid that turns inward, so the lashes rub the eye, repaired by rotating the lid margin back out.
Complications
Complication papers report bleeding, infection, vision loss, asymmetry and other adverse events after eyelid surgery.
Brow lift
A brow lift raises a low brow through scalp, temple or hairline incisions, often combined with upper blepharoplasty.
Dry eye
Dry eye papers measure tear film and ocular surface changes after eyelid surgery and how to prevent or treat them.
Double eyelid surgery
Double eyelid surgery creates an upper lid crease with an incision or buried sutures, most often requested by East Asian patients.
Lid retraction
Lid retraction is an upper or lower lid pulled too high or too low, exposing white above or below the iris.
Congenital ptosis
Congenital ptosis is present from birth, from a levator muscle that did not form normally, and is repaired in childhood if it blocks vision.
Tear trough
Tear trough papers treat the groove between the lower lid and the cheek with fat, fillers or ligament release.
Lagophthalmos
Lagophthalmos is a lid that will not close fully, exposing the eye to drying and injury during sleep or blinking.
Muller muscle resection
Muller muscle resection raises a mildly drooping lid by shortening the small muscle behind the levator.
Frontalis sling
A frontalis sling connects the eyelid to the forehead muscle so the brow lifts the lid, used when the levator does not work.
Laser and resurfacing
These papers combine blepharoplasty with laser resurfacing, chemical peels or radiofrequency on the eyelid skin.
Orbital fat
Orbital fat papers remove, preserve or graft the fat pads of the upper eyelid for a hollow or heavy lid.
Canthoplasty and canthopexy
Canthoplasty and canthopexy tighten or reset the outer corner of the eye to support a loose lower lid.
Epicanthoplasty
Epicanthoplasty opens the inner corner fold of the upper eyelid, often done with double eyelid surgery.
Revision
Revision papers cover repeat and corrective surgery after an eyelid operation that healed poorly or went too far.
Fillers
Filler papers treat eyelid and periorbital hollowing with hyaluronic acid and other injectable fillers.
Anesthesia
Anesthesia papers compare local, sedation and general anesthesia for eyelid surgery on comfort, safety and cost.
Thyroid eye disease
Thyroid eye disease swells the muscles and fat behind the eye, pushing the eye forward and pulling the lids out of position.
Recovery
Recovery papers measure bruising, swelling, time off work and when patients return to normal activity after eyelid surgery.
Fat repositioning
Fat repositioning moves lower eyelid fat over the orbital rim instead of removing it, to smooth the lid-cheek junction.
Browpexy
Browpexy fixes the brow in a raised position through the upper eyelid crease incision, without a separate scalp incision.
Festoons
Festoon papers treat the folds of loose skin and muscle that sag over the cheek below the lower lid.
History of eyelid surgery
History papers trace eyelid surgery from its 19th-century origins through today's techniques.
Functional blepharoplasty and visual field
Visual field papers measure how much upper eyelid skin or ptosis blocks vision, the test Medicare and insurers use to cover the operation.
Male blepharoplasty
Male blepharoplasty papers cover eyelid anatomy, incision placement and outcomes specific to men.
Nonsurgical ptosis treatment
Oxymetazoline and similar eye drops raise a mildly drooping lid for hours by stimulating the Muller muscle without surgery.
Newest papers
The most recent records entered in PubMed.
By year
Every paper published in a year, newest first.